Otolaryngology, also known as ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) medicine, is a medical specialty focused on the diagnosis and treatment of disorders related to the head and neck. Otolaryngologists manage conditions affecting the ears, nose, sinuses, throat, and related structures such as the larynx and vocal cords. Common conditions include hearing loss, sinus infections, sleep apnea, voice disorders, and allergies. ENT specialists also perform surgeries, such as tonsillectomies, ear tube insertions, and sinus surgeries. Otolaryngology is essential for maintaining proper function in areas that impact breathing, swallowing, communication, and hearing.